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2025-12-22•Sweden•Riksbank
Sweden's Riksbank published an Economic Commentary analyzing corporate bankruptcies and loan losses in Swedish banks from 2019 to 2023, noting low loan losses due to small bank exposures of defaulting firms. Loan losses could rise if a severe shock affects sectors with large bank borrowing, particularly commercial real estate. Swedish banks' loan loss level was 0.06% compared to the EU average of 0.49% in Q4 2024, with high collateral use and concentrated lending in real estate.
Research Credit risk Prudential risks
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2025-12-22•Austria•Austria Financial Market Authority
The Austrian Financial Market Authority reported a 3.5% decline in foreign currency lending to private households in Q3, reducing the outstanding portfolio to EUR 5.42 billion. Since the 2008 ban on new foreign currency loans, the volume has decreased by 91% from its 2006 peak. Nearly all remaining loans are in Swiss francs, with the FMA mandating annual meetings between credit institutions and affected borrowers.
Data & statistics Lending
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2025-12-22•Hong Kong•Hong Kong Monetary Authority
The Hong Kong Monetary Authority issued a scam alert about fraudulent websites, fake internet banking login screens, and phishing emails linked to The Bank of East Asia, Shanghai Commercial Bank, and Chong Hing Bank. The HKMA emphasized that banks do not send SMS or emails with embedded hyperlinks for transactions or request sensitive information via phone, email, or SMS. Affected customers should contact their bank and report to the Hong Kong Police Force.
Supervision Alerts Fraud and scams
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2025-12-22•Hong Kong•Hong Kong Monetary Authority
The Hong Kong Monetary Authority, with the Commerce and Economic Development Bureau and the Intellectual Property Department, has launched an Intellectual Property Financing Sandbox. This initiative facilitates IP asset-based financing by providing a risk-controlled environment for banks and multidisciplinary participants to test IP financing arrangements. Three major Hong Kong banks are participating, targeting sectors like biotechnology, electronics, and technology for pilot trials.
Policy & regulation Implementation, projects & pilots Fintech and insurtech Market development
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2025-12-22•Greece•Ministry of National Economy and Finance (Greece)
Greece’s Ministry of National Economy and Finance outlined the 2026 state budget, highlighting a redesigned income tax scale to lower liabilities for young workers and families. The budget projects 2.4% growth, a 2.8% primary surplus, and public debt reduction to 138.2% of GDP. Key measures include tax cuts for employees under 30, regional support incentives, and tax reductions, alongside planned wage increases and benefits for pensioners and public sector workers.
Policy & regulation Reform agendas & priorities Economic data and developments
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2025-12-22•Isle of Man•Isle of Man Financial Services Authority
The Isle of Man Financial Services Authority has de-registered Alderdale Limited under the Designated Businesses (Registration & Oversight) Act 2015, effective 22 December 2025, pursuant to section 12(1)(a) of the Act.
Supervision Authorisations & approvals AML and CFT Whistleblowing
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2025-12-22•Bulgaria•National Bank of Bulgaria
The Bulgarian National Bank's Governing Council amended its 2018 Ordinance No. 37 to enhance the approval process for excluding exposures to subsidiaries in calculating a bank's total exposure under Article 45(1) of the Law on Credit Institutions.
Policy & regulation Rules & requirements Credit risk Prudential risks
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2025-12-22•Bulgaria•National Bank of Bulgaria
The Bulgarian National Bank’s Governing Council amended Ordinance No. 7 on bank risk management to align with changes in the European regulatory framework. This includes the European Central Bank’s revised approach to Bulgaria’s national discretions under Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 on prudential requirements for credit institutions.
Policy & regulation Rules & requirements Capital adequacy
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2025-12-22•Bulgaria•National Bank of Bulgaria
The Bulgarian National Bank amended its licensing ordinance, requiring the use of the Single Supervisory Mechanism’s Information Management System Portal for European Central Bank procedures. This affects bank licence applications, changes in licence scope, and approvals for acquisitions and qualifying holdings. Supervisory fees for acquiring or increasing qualifying holdings are now differentiated based on direct or indirect holdings.
Policy & regulation Rules & requirements Licensing framework and process
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2025-12-22•Mexico•CONDUSEF
Mexico's National Commission for the Protection and Defence of Users of Financial Services (CONDUSEF) reported a 7.3% increase in consumer complaints in Tlaxcala from January to November 2025, totaling 2,698 cases. Debit cards, special credit reports, and credit cards were the primary sources, with commercial banking accounting for 50.1% of cases, largely involving possible fraud. The amount claimed rose by 54.9% to MXN 104.7 million, while the amount recovered increased by 34.7% to MXN 13.2 million.
Data & statistics Complaints and dispute resolution
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2025-12-22•United States•Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta
The Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta has promoted Brent Meyer to vice president and senior economist in its Research Division, effective 16 December 2025. Meyer will lead the Economic Survey Research Center, expand his role on the Sixth District monetary policy advising team, and contribute to the strategic direction of the Research Division as part of its leadership team.
Institutional development Leadership change & appointments Leadership change and appointments
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2025-12-22•Brazil•Brazilian Superintendence of Private Insurance (SUSEP)
The Brazilian Superintendence of Private Insurance (SUSEP) released its October 2025 bulletin, highlighting key indicators for the insurance, open private pension, and capitalization sector. Technical provisions reached BRL 2.02 trillion, representing 16.1% of Brazil's GDP, influenced by Joint CNSP/CMN Resolution No. 12 of 2024. From January to October 2025, sector revenues were BRL 346.33 billion, down 4.09% year-on-year, while claims and benefits rose 9.93%.
Data & statistics Financial and market indicators Supervisory data
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2025-12-22•Brazil•Brazilian Superintendence of Private Insurance (SUSEP)
The Brazilian Superintendence of Private Insurance (SUSEP) released its 2026 Regulation Plan, detailing its regulatory agenda and deliverables. Priority 1 focuses on implementing Law No. 15,040/2024 and Complementary Law No. 213/2025, with initiatives in insurance, pensions, and reinsurance, and enhancements in prudential and governance standards. Priority 2 includes potential rule revisions and improvements in governance and supervisory procedures.
Policy & regulation Reform agendas & priorities Supervision process and methodologies
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2025-12-22•Tajikistan•National Bank of the Republic of Tajikistan
The National Bank of the Republic of Tajikistan has licensed Capital Trust, a closed joint-stock company microcredit deposit organisation, to conduct banking operations in both national and foreign currencies. This authorization aligns with the laws governing the National Bank, microfinance organisations, and the licensing system.
Supervision Authorisations & approvals Licence approval
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2025-12-22•United States•New York State Department of Financial Services
New York enacted the RAISE Act, creating an oversight office within the State Department of Financial Services to enforce transparency and reporting for developers of powerful AI models. Large AI developers must report safety protocols and incidents of "critical harm" within 72 hours. The Attorney General can impose penalties up to USD 1 million for initial violations and up to USD 3 million for subsequent offenses.
Policy & regulation Rules & requirements Artificial intelligence
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2025-12-22•New Zealand•New Zealand Financial Markets Authority
The New Zealand Financial Markets Authority (FMA) has requested the High Court to place Chance Voight Investment Corporation Limited and related companies into liquidation, citing potential insolvency and breaches of financial legislation. Interim liquidators have been appointed, and asset preservation orders against Bernard Whimp and Hanmer Equities Limited have been granted, with a court hearing date pending.
Enforcement Investigations & enforcement actions Corporate governance
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2025-12-22•Portugal•Bank of Portugal
The Bank of Portugal reported a EUR 8.7bn decrease in non-financial sector indebtedness for October 2025, totaling EUR 857.7bn. Public sector debt fell by EUR 10.1bn, primarily due to a matured Treasury bond, while private sector debt rose by EUR 1.4bn, driven by household mortgage lending. Year-on-year, private companies' debt increased by 2.5% and households' debt by 8.1%, marking the highest rise since December 2008.
Data & statistics Financial and market indicators Monetary data
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2025-12-22•Philippines•Central Bank of the Philippines
The Central Bank of the Philippines and other members of the Executives’ Meeting of East Asia-Pacific Central Banks (EMEAP) reaffirmed their commitment to financial integration and resilience at the 69th EMEAP Deputies’ and Related Meetings in Seoul. Discussions focused on maintaining robust frameworks for financial stability and innovation amid a dynamic global environment.
Policy & regulation Cooperation Cross-border cooperation Financial stability and systemic risk
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2025-12-22•Philippines•Central Bank of the Philippines
The Central Bank of the Philippines reminded the public that exchanging unfit banknotes through banks is free and advised against using unauthorized parties that charge fees. It is also producing new banknotes and coins to meet increased demand during the Yuletide season and encouraged the use of digital payments for safer transactions.
Policy & regulation Guidance & interpretation Currency and cash management
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2025-12-22•Morocco•Central Bank of Morocco
The Central Bank of Morocco issued a MAD 250 commemorative silver coin and a MAD 100 commemorative banknote to celebrate Morocco hosting the 35th Africa Cup of Nations. The MAD 100 banknote, with legal tender status, will circulate in limited quantities alongside existing notes. Both the coin and banknote feature imagery of the Prince Moulay Abdellah Sports Complex and Africa Cup of Nations motifs, with advanced security features in the banknote.
Other
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2025-12-22•Slovakia•National Bank of Slovakia
The National Bank of Slovakia's Bank Board approved a decree amending valuation methods for pension funds, incorporating an investment category for alternative investment funds under Act No 76/2025, effective 1 January 2026. The Board also maintained the countercyclical capital buffer rate and approved the 2026 budget. Additionally, the December 2025 Macroprudential Commentary and Winter 2025 Economic and Monetary Developments report were released.
Policy & regulation Rules & requirements Accounting and financial reporting
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2025-12-22•South Korea•South Korea Financial Services Commission
The South Korea Financial Services Commission (FSC) announced capital market reforms to enhance infrastructure and connect the financial sector with startups. Key measures include safer trading in venture shares, revised private equity fund regulations, and expanded venture capital supply through large investment banks. The FSC will introduce electronic securities registries for unlisted stocks and revamp the stewardship code to improve compliance and application scope.
Policy & regulation Reform agendas & priorities Market development
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2025-12-22•Estonia•Central Bank of Estonia
The Central Bank of Estonia announced its 2027 programme for EUR 2 commemorative and collector coins, featuring a new series on Estonia’s counties and continuing the Outstanding Estonian Women and Resistance series. It includes a special-design EUR 2 coin for Hiiumaa, a silver collector coin for folkloric singer Anne Vabarna, and a commemorative coin for Estonian Defence Forces veterans. Design competitions and public suggestions for 2028 coins are planned, with final decisions expected by the end of 2026.
Policy & regulation Implementation, projects & pilots Other
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2025-12-22•North Macedonia•Securities and Exchange Commission of the Republic of North Macedonia
The Securities and Exchange Commission of North Macedonia reported maintained financial stability, with the system resilient despite uncertainties. The banking sector showed stability with increased credit and deposit activity, reduced euroization, and non-performing loans decreased to 2.3%. Capital markets saw total market capitalization rise to MKD 378.5 billion and a 47% increase in investment funds' net asset value year-on-year.
Supervision Risk monitoring & watch points Financial stability and systemic risk
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2025-12-22•Albania•Albania Financial Services Authority
The Albania Financial Services Authority reported a 10.17% increase in gross written premiums to ALL 24.254bn for January to November 2025, with non-life insurance comprising 91.54% of premiums. Gross claims paid decreased by 3.61% to ALL 7.488bn, with motor insurance accounting for 76.33% of claims. Compulsory motor insurance premiums rose by 12.40% to ALL 15.139bn, while voluntary insurance premiums increased by 6.65% to ALL 9.115bn.
Data & statistics Financial and market indicators Supervisory data
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2025-12-22•Albania•Albania Financial Services Authority
The Albania Financial Services Authority's Board will meet on 29 December 2025 to review financial and actuarial developments and consider draft decisions on governance and authorisations. The agenda includes analysis of the insurance market, actuarial reviews, and updates on private pension funds and collective investment undertakings. Draft decisions involve audit firm selection, internal audit and strategic plans, board appointments, and insurance agent activity approvals.
Supervision Authorisations & approvals Auditing
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2025-12-22•Europe•European Central Bank
The European Central Bank's research using microdata from its Consumer Expectations Survey indicates that a digital euro would be primarily used as a transactional "digital cash" instrument, with minimal impact on bank deposits. Awareness of the digital euro increased from 9% in 2021 to 40% by March 2024, with 45% of consumers likely to adopt it for retail payments. A hypothetical windfall exercise showed a 5% allocation to a digital euro, and an ECB video initially increased adoption propensities, though the effect diminished over time.
Research CBDC
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2025-12-22•Brazil•Brazil Securities Commission (CVM)
The Brazil Securities Commission (CVM) will hold a judgment session on 23 December for two administrative sanctioning proceedings. The first involves alleged breaches of diligence and loyalty duties related to RPPS investments in the FIRF Pyxis Institucional IMA-B fund, while the second assesses potential diligence breaches by Petrobras executive directors. The session will be public, with options for in-person or videoconference attendance, and may proceed with electronic voting if defendants do not participate.
Enforcement Investigations & enforcement actions Corporate governance
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2025-12-22•Russia•Central Bank of Russia
The Central Bank of Russia reported a slowdown in monthly credit growth to 1.5% in November 2025 from 1.8% in October, with broad money growth also decelerating to 1.3% from 1.7%. The easing was mainly due to weaker corporate lending, while household borrowing increased moderately, driven by mortgage lending. Household ruble deposit balances decreased, impacting the annual growth of the money supply.
Data & statistics Monetary data
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2025-12-22•Seychelles•Seychelles Financial Services Authority
The Seychelles Financial Services Authority has terminated the accreditation of Mr. Go Naito as the Securities Dealer’s Representative for FXON Ltd, effective 18 December 2025.
Supervision Authorisations & approvals Licence withdrawal
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2025-12-22•Russia•Central Bank of Russia
The Central Bank of Russia's December business monitoring update indicates a moderate expansion in business activity, with the Business Climate Index falling to 2.7 points from 3.4 in November. Companies reported more moderate assessments of output and demand, alongside rising price expectations for the third consecutive month.
Data & statistics Economic data and developments
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2025-12-22•Russia•Central Bank of Russia
The Central Bank of Russia plans to amend rules on depository accounting of foreign securities and recording foreign investors’ rights to Russian securities, maintaining direct access to Russia’s accounting infrastructure. Key measures include new investor risk disclosures, simplified procedures for Russian depositary receipts, and conditions for segregated accounts for foreign investor holdings. The reforms aim to enhance transparency and address risks linked to foreign jurisdictions.
Policy & regulation Rules & requirements Accounting and financial reporting
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2025-12-22•Paraguay•Central Bank of Paraguay
The Central Bank of Paraguay has made guaraní-denominated Treasury bonds issued internationally by the Ministry of Economy and Finance eligible as collateral in its repo operations. It aligns their treatment with locally issued Treasury bonds, expanding collateral options for financial institutions and access to central bank liquidity.
Policy & regulation Rules & requirements Liquidity risk Prudential risks
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2025-12-22•Paraguay•Central Bank of Paraguay
The Central Bank of Paraguay approved general rules for the risk rating of banks, finance companies and insurance companies. The framework unifies requirements across supervised entities and risk rating agencies under Law No. 7572/2025. Firms must update ratings annually and whenever they carry out a public offering issuance.
Policy & regulation Rules & requirements Credit ratings
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2025-12-22•Paraguay•Central Bank of Paraguay
The Central Bank of Paraguay has issued a new rulebook for payment service providers in the National Payments System. It introduces registration requirements, disclosure rules on fees and service conditions, and minimum information security, cybersecurity and funds protection standards. Registration guidelines will be set by the central bank’s General Management.
Policy & regulation Rules & requirements Payments and payment systems
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2025-12-22•Poland•Central Bank of Poland
The National Bank of Poland reported a PLN 21.8bn increase in the M3 money supply for November 2025, reaching PLN 2,692.8bn. This growth was primarily due to higher deposits and claims from households and non-financial corporations. Additionally, there were notable increases in the net debt of central government entities, other financial institutions, non-financial corporations, and households.
Data & statistics Monetary data
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2025-12-22•United States•U.S. Financial Services Committee
Republican leaders of the U.S. House Committee on Financial Services urged Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell to reconsider the Federal Reserve's role in penny recirculation after halting penny production. They highlighted financial losses and supported the Common Cents Act for rounding guidance to reduce demand. The letter criticized the Federal Reserve's decision to stop accepting penny deposits at most locations, citing increased costs and operational challenges despite nearly 300 billion pennies in circulation.
Policy & regulation Other Currency and cash management
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2025-12-22•Portugal•Bank of Portugal
The Bank of Portugal has exempted Portuguese credit institutions from reciprocating Norway's macroprudential measures under Article 458 of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013, citing non-materiality. Norway's measures set risk weight floors for property exposures, applicable only to Norwegian-authorised institutions using the internal ratings-based approach. The exemption, based on the de minimis principle, remains as long as the Norwegian measure is in place and Portuguese exposures stay below the materiality threshold.
Policy & regulation Rules & requirements Macroprudential policy and tools
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2025-12-22•Vietnam•Vietnam State Securities Commission
The Vietnam State Securities Commission requires individuals listed in an attached notice to pay a VND 1,000,000 fee to obtain a securities practitioner certificate, as per the Ministry of Finance’s Circular 25/2022/TT-BTC. Payment can be made via bank transfer or in person, with specific details required for the transfer reference. Failure to complete the procedure within one year will result in certificate annulment.
Supervision Authorisations & approvals Licensing and supervisory fees
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2025-12-22•Vietnam•Vietnam State Securities Commission
The Vietnam State Securities Commission has instructed individuals on a specified register to pay a VND 1,000,000 fee for a securities practicing certificate, aligning with the Ministry of Finance's fee schedule. Payment can be made via bank transfer or directly at the Commission, with specific details required in the payment narrative. Failure to collect the certificate within one year of the fee-payment notice will result in cancellation.
Policy & regulation Rules & requirements Licensing and supervisory fees
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2025-12-22•Vietnam•Vietnam State Securities Commission
The Vietnam State Securities Commission has mandated individuals listed in an attached schedule to pay a VND 1,000,000 fee for the issuance of a securities practising certificate as per Ministry of Finance Circular 25/2022/TT-BTC. Payment can be made via bank transfer to designated accounts or in person. Failure to complete the procedure within one year of the fee-payment notice will result in certificate cancellation.
Policy & regulation Rules & requirements Licensing and supervisory fees
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2025-12-22•Vietnam•Vietnam State Securities Commission
The Vietnam State Securities Commission has instructed individuals listed in an attached notice to pay a VND 1,000,000 fee for the issuance of a securities practitioner certificate, as per the Ministry of Finance’s Circular 25/2022/TT-BTC. Payment can be made via bank transfer to VietinBank or Vietcombank, or in person at the Commission. Failure to complete the certification process within one year will result in cancellation of the certificate.
Policy & regulation Rules & requirements Licensing and supervisory fees
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2025-12-22•Portugal•Bank of Portugal
The Bank of Portugal has exempted Portuguese credit institutions from reciprocating Sweden's 25% risk weight floor on mortgage retail exposures, citing non-material exposure. This decision aligns with the de minimis principle under the European Systemic Risk Board's recommendations. The exemption will persist as long as the Swedish measure is active and exposures remain below the materiality threshold.
Policy & regulation Rules & requirements Macroprudential policy and tools
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2025-12-22•United States•U.S. Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs
Senators Elizabeth Warren and Elissa Slotkin have called for an investigation into potential conflicts of interest involving senior Trump Administration officials and foreign cryptocurrency deals. The request, prompted by a New York Times report, focuses on David Sacks and Steve Witkoff and has been referred to the Department of State Office of Inspector General's Office of Investigations. The senators emphasize the need for a thorough investigation and public disclosure of findings.
Enforcement Investigations & enforcement actions Other
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2025-12-22•United States•U.S. Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs
Senator Elizabeth Warren, Ranking Member of the U.S. Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs, commented on a lawsuit by 21 states and the District of Columbia against the Trump Administration's attempt to defund the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB). Warren emphasized the CFPB's role in returning over USD 21 billion to consumers and argued that the funding cut would harm consumers and shut down the agency's complaint database. She urged courts to reject the move as illegal.
Other Consumer and investor protection
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2025-12-22•Thailand•Thailand Securities & Exchange Commission
The Thailand Securities & Exchange Commission urged holders of three Phuket Fantasea Public Company Limited bond series to review information before a reconvened bondholders’ meeting on 23 December 2025. The meeting will address extending redemption maturity by one year and revising interest terms, including a rate increase from 7.25% to 7.50% per year. The SEC requires the bondholders’ representative to provide an analysis of the benefits and impacts of the proposed changes for informed voting.
Supervision Interventions Corporate governance
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2025-12-22•Iceland•Central Bank of Iceland
The Central Bank of Iceland released its December 2025 Economic Indicators report, offering interactive data on inflation, output, foreign trade, labour market, public finance, asset markets, and the financial system, with underlying data accessible in spreadsheet format.
Monetary policy Monetary policy assessments & outlooks Monetary policy decisions and developments Financial stability and systemic risk
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2025-12-22•Europe•European Fund and Asset Management Association
The European Fund and Asset Management Association reported strong net inflows into European investment funds in October 2025, with UCITS and alternative investment funds (AIFs) collectively attracting EUR 89 billion. UCITS accounted for EUR 84 billion, with long-term funds drawing EUR 60 billion and exchange-traded funds EUR 41 billion. Total net assets of UCITS and AIFs increased by 2.2% to EUR 25.1 trillion.
Data & statistics Financial and market indicators Supervisory data
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2025-12-22•Canada•Financial Consumer Agency of Canada
The Financial Consumer Agency of Canada released an interim report on a workshop co-hosted with the Global Risk Institute, focusing on AI's impact on financial well-being and consumer protection. The event, part of the second Financial Industry Forum on Artificial Intelligence, explored best practices and future directions for AI in Canada's financial services. A comprehensive report on all forum workshops is anticipated in spring 2026.
Policy & regulation Guidance & interpretation Artificial intelligence Consumer and investor protection
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2025-12-22•Canada•Payments Canada
Payments Canada announced it had 111 members as of December 2025, including recent additions such as Questbank and CI Investment Services Inc. The 2025 amendments to the Canadian Payments Act expanded membership eligibility to include payment service providers, credit union locals, and designated clearing houses.
Data & statistics Payments and payment systems
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2025-12-22•Moldova•National Commission for Financial Markets
Moldova's National Commission for Financial Markets held financial education and cybersecurity activities from 25 November to 10 December to help women avoid financial fraud and safely use digital financial services. About 600 women attended sessions on consumer rights, safe financial services, and fraud prevention. The initiative was part of the national “Moldova without Violence” programme, supported by international and local partners.
Financial literacy & education Fraud and scams Financial literacy and education
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2025-12-22•United States•U.S. Securities & Exchange Commission
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission filed a civil complaint against several crypto asset trading platforms and investment clubs, alleging a scam defrauding U.S. investors of over USD 14 million. Defendants allegedly used social media and messaging apps to promote fake AI-generated investment tips and directed victims to fraudulent platforms. The SEC seeks permanent injunctions, civil penalties, and disgorgement, and issued an investor alert regarding social media scams.
Enforcement Investigations & enforcement actions Fraud and scams
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2025-12-22•Greece•Hellenic Capital Market Commission
The Hellenic Capital Market Commission approved KYKLOS HOLDING SINGLE-MEMBER SOCIETE ANONYME's offering document for an optional public offer to acquire all shares of AKRITAS SA under Law 3461/2006. It also extended VIGOR FINANCE INVESTMENT SERVICES SOCIETE ANONYME's authorisation to provide portfolio management services under Article 6(2) of Law 4514/2018.
Supervision Authorisations & approvals Securities offerings and listings
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2025-12-22•Canada•Alberta Securities Commission
The Alberta Securities Commission issued an interim order against Midas Vantage Projects Lithium Limited and associated individuals, prohibiting them from trading MVP securities in Alberta for 12 months. The order follows evidence of fraud, prohibited representations, and misleading conduct during an investigation into potential breaches of the Securities Act (Alberta). Respondents must cease investor relations activities and disable MVP-related websites.
Enforcement Investigations & enforcement actions Fraud and scams
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2025-12-22•Canada•Alberta Securities Commission
The Alberta Securities Commission has issued a 12-month interim cease-trade order against Midas Vantage Projects (MVP) Lithium Limited and associated individuals, citing evidence of fraud and misleading conduct. The order restricts trading in MVP securities, investor relations activities, and public communications, while ASC continues its investigation into potential Securities Act breaches. Written reasons for the order will be provided later.
Enforcement Investigations & enforcement actions Fraud and scams
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2025-12-22•Romania•National Bank of Romania
The National Bank of Romania will join the European Central Securities Depository Association (ECSDA) on 1 January 2026 as the administrator of the SaFIR system. ECSDA, representing 40 central securities depositories from 36 European countries, facilitates dialogue and projects to enhance post-trade infrastructure in European financial markets.
Policy & regulation Cooperation Market infrastructure
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2025-12-22•United States•U.S. Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs
The U.S. Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs released a minority press statement where Senators Elizabeth Warren and Elissa Slotkin called for an investigation into potential conflicts of interest involving David Sacks and Steve Witkoff, linked to a New York Times report on the Trump family's cryptocurrency firm and UAE AI chip access. The request, tied to ongoing crypto market legislation considerations, has been referred to the Office of Investigations, with no review timetable provided.
Enforcement Investigations & enforcement actions Other
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2025-12-22•United States•U.S. Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs
Senator Elizabeth Warren and Congressman Gregory Meeks have requested statutory disclosures from the Department of Commerce regarding the approval of advanced AI chip exports, including NVIDIA’s H200, to China, citing national security concerns under the Export Control Reform Act of 2018. They seek information on licensing decisions and have requested materials by January 12, 2026, along with a briefing before any H200 export licence approval.
Policy & regulation Other Licence approval
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2025-12-22•United States•U.S. Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs
Senator Elizabeth Warren, Ranking Member of the U.S. Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs, responded to a lawsuit by 21 states and the District of Columbia against the Trump Administration's effort to defund the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB). Warren emphasized the potential nationwide harm and highlighted the CFPB's enforcement success, returning over USD 21 billion to consumers.
Policy & regulation Other Consumer and investor protection
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2025-12-22•Argentina•Argentina Securities Commission (CNV)
The Argentina Securities Commission (CNV) concluded the first season of its financial education series "You Can Invest Too," which covered core capital markets topics and CNV's role in aligning with international standards. Over 500 young people participated in related education sessions. A second season is planned, with the first season still accessible through CNV's channels.
Financial literacy & education Financial literacy and education
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2025-12-22•Argentina•Argentina Securities Commission (CNV)
The Argentina Securities Commission (CNV) has issued General Resolution No. 1095, simplifying rules for issuers by restructuring Title II and reducing public offering requirements by approximately 20%. This includes eliminating eight regimes, consolidating provisions, and removing 15 annexes. The changes are part of a broader programme to streamline regulations across financial trusts, mutual funds, and negotiable securities.
Policy & regulation Rules & requirements Regulatory burden
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2025-12-22•Argentina•Argentina Superintendency of Insurance
The Argentina Superintendency of Insurance, at the Asociación de Aseguradores Argentinos year-end event, emphasized open dialogue with the private sector and urged active insurer participation. Superintendent Guillermo Plate highlighted priorities including modernisation, deregulation, and technology integration, with a focus on artificial intelligence and process improvement projects continuing into 2026.
Policy & regulation Reform agendas & priorities Market development
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2025-12-22•South Korea•Bank of Korea
The Bank of Korea released a press statement detailing the compilation results of its Borrower-Level Household Debt Statistics. Comprehensive materials are available in the attached files.
Data & statistics Supervisory data
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2025-12-22•Paraguay•Central Bank of Paraguay
The Central Bank of Paraguay’s Monetary Policy Committee unanimously kept the monetary policy rate at 6.00% on 22 December, where it has remained since January 2025, citing moderating inflation despite stronger-than-expected economic activity. The Committee revised down its 2025 inflation forecast to 3.6% and raised its 2025 gross domestic product growth forecast to 6.0%, while reaffirming its commitment to return inflation to the 3.5% target over the monetary policy horizon.
Monetary policy Policy rate decisions Monetary policy decisions and developments
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2025-12-22•United States•Financial Crimes Enforcement Network
The Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) launched a data-driven operation targeting over 100 US money services businesses (MSBs) near the southwest border for potential regulatory non-compliance. The initiative led to six notices of investigation, numerous IRS examination referrals, and over 50 compliance outreach letters. FinCEN credits technology modernization efforts by Treasury Secretary Bessent for enabling this operation.
Enforcement Investigations & enforcement actions AML and CFT
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2025-12-22•United States•U.S. Department of the Treasury
The U.S. Treasury's Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) launched an operation targeting over 100 U.S. money services businesses (MSBs) along the southwest border for potential non-compliance with Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) requirements. The operation resulted in six notices of investigation, numerous IRS examination referrals, and over 50 compliance outreach letters. FinCEN is collaborating with law enforcement and regulatory partners, emphasizing MSBs' BSA obligations, with potential outcomes including civil penalties and criminal referrals.
Enforcement Investigations & enforcement actions AML and CFT
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2025-12-22•Anguilla•Anguilla Financial Services Commission
The Anguilla Financial Services Commission released a final consultation note on the draft Anguilla Special Trust Act, proposing a framework for special trusts to hold assets exclusively in companies incorporated under the Business Companies Act. The draft includes provisions on the Hague Convention, anti-forced heirship protections, trustee powers, enforcer roles, and the Rule Against Perpetuity.
Policy & regulation Rules & requirements Other
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2025-12-22•Taiwan•Central Bank of Taiwan
The Central Bank of Taiwan reported November 2025 turnover statistics for the Taipei foreign exchange market, with a total net trading volume of USD 916.4 billion and an average daily turnover of USD 45.8 billion. Interbank transactions comprised USD 633.7 billion, with significant activity in NTD/USD pairs at USD 406.8 billion. Foreign exchange swaps were the predominant transaction type at USD 467.9 billion, while direct dealing accounted for USD 619.5 billion of the trading volume.
Data & statistics Foreign exchange policy and markets
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2025-12-22•Vietnam•State Bank of Vietnam
The State Bank of Vietnam's 13th Payment and Technology Council meeting reviewed progress on Politburo Resolution 57, focusing on fintech, digital payments, and online banking security. Key developments include a sandbox mechanism for banking, a draft decree on Mobile Money, and increases in non-cash and QR code payments. The SBV aims to enhance online transaction security and fraud prevention, coordinating with the Ministry of Public Security and emphasizing compliance with anti-money laundering requirements.
Policy & regulation Rules & requirements Regulatory sandbox Payments and payment systems
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2025-12-22•Vietnam•State Bank of Vietnam
The State Bank of Vietnam has directed banks and payment service providers to implement measures ensuring safe and compliant payments during the 2025 year-end and 2026 Lunar New Year. Key actions include enhanced risk management, fraud prevention, cybersecurity, and compliance with new regulations. Banks must also improve monitoring, staffing, and infrastructure to prevent service disruptions and support state budget operations.
Policy & regulation Implementation, projects & pilots Payments and payment systems Operational risk and resilience
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2025-12-22•Moldova•National Bank of Moldova
The National Bank of Moldova's update on foreign exchange market activity details spot purchases of EUR 15.0 million and FX swap purchases of EUR 10.8 million, with no sales or forward transactions. These interventions align with the Bank's monetary and foreign exchange policy objectives, with spot transactions affecting money supply and FX swaps as reversible adjustments. Data is published monthly, using average exchange rates for EUR and USD equivalents.
Data & statistics Currency and cash management
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2025-12-22•Moldova•National Bank of Moldova
The National Bank of Moldova released monthly statistics on the non-cash foreign exchange market, detailing banks' foreign currency transactions against the Moldovan leu, excluding central bank activities. Interbank spot transactions totalled EUR 9.96 million in purchases and EUR 29.29 million in sales, while intrabank transactions amounted to EUR 454.41 million in purchases and EUR 665.22 million in sales. Data, expressed in euro equivalents, are compiled from banks' regulatory reports for setting the official exchange rate of the Moldovan leu.
Data & statistics Currency and cash management
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2025-12-22•Moldova•National Bank of Moldova
The National Bank of Moldova reported that in November 2025, individuals' net foreign-currency supply covered 89.9% of economic agents' net FX demand, an increase from 82.1% in October. Net interbank purchases amounted to EUR 15.0 million. The Moldovan leu averaged 19.7041 MDL per EUR, with the euro comprising 69.9% of individuals' net FX supply.
Data & statistics Balance of payments and other external statistics
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2025-12-22•Moldova•National Bank of Moldova
The National Bank of Moldova released November 2025 statistics on the internal cash foreign exchange market, showing a total turnover of EUR 362.1 million. The euro dominated with 73.8% of turnover, followed by the US dollar at 17.4%. Compared to the previous month, turnover decreased by 17.4%, while year-on-year figures remained stable with a slight increase of 0.2%.
Data & statistics Currency and cash management
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2025-12-22•Moldova•National Bank of Moldova
The National Bank of Moldova released November 2025 statistics on licensed banks' foreign currency assets and liabilities, and the banking system's open foreign exchange position. Total foreign currency assets were MDL 52.84bn, liabilities at MDL 52.91bn, and the open position showed MDL 104.2m in long positions and MDL -176.8m in short positions. The report includes definitions and reporting bases, with euro equivalents calculated using end-of-month exchange rates.
Data & statistics Currency and cash management
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2025-12-22•Moldova•National Bank of Moldova
The National Bank of Moldova's Financial Stability Assessment Report for Q3 2025 indicates the banking sector's resilience with no excessive systemic risk build-up. The financial stress index was 0.36, below the 0.52 threshold, and the vulnerability level was -0.47, below zero. Credit risk remains the primary concern, particularly in real estate loans, though liquidity risk is mitigated by strong liquid-asset buffers.
Supervision Risk monitoring & watch points Credit risk Financial stability and systemic risk
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2025-12-22•Moldova•National Bank of Moldova
The National Bank of Moldova's review of the insurance sector as of 30 September 2025 highlights a slight decline in total assets and weakened profitability, despite all insurers maintaining solvency ratios above 100%. Total assets decreased by 0.2% to MDL 5,631.4 million, while gross written premiums rose by 0.9% to MDL 2,443.9 million, with motor insurance comprising over 71% of premiums. The sector's net profit fell 50.3% year on year to MDL 121.3 million, with two insurers reporting losses.
Supervision Reviews, inspections & stress tests Financial stability and systemic risk Prudential risks
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2025-12-22•Caribbean•Eastern Caribbean Central Bank
The Eastern Caribbean Central Bank's Governor outlined 2025 economic conditions and a plan to double member economies over the next decade. The EC dollar remains strong, with international reserves growing and ECCU growth projected at 3.7 percent for 2025. Key 2026 priorities include financial stability, customer protection, a regional regulator for Citizenship by Investment Programmes, and advancements in data privacy, AI strategy, and payments modernisation.
Policy & regulation Reform agendas & priorities Other
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2025-12-21•Tanzania•Tanzania Insurance Regulatory Authority
The Tanzania Insurance Regulatory Authority (TIRA) attended a workshop in Arusha on implementing Universal Health Insurance for All, focusing on the regulator's role and claims management under insurance law. The session included various stakeholders, emphasizing implementation strategies and public education on health insurance. TIRA's Northern Zone Manager outlined preparations for the rollout and the legal framework for handling claims and disputes.
Policy & regulation Cooperation Other
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2025-12-21•Peru•Central Bank of Peru
The Central Bank of Peru reported a 3.4% year-on-year increase in national formal employment for October, marking 19 consecutive months of growth and adding 212,000 jobs. Private sector formal employment rose by 4.2% to 4.665 million, with significant contributions from services, agriculture, and commerce. Mining experienced the highest growth rate at 9.3%, while fisheries saw a 4.0% decline.
Data & statistics Economic data and developments
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2025-12-21•Greece•Ministry of National Economy and Finance (Greece)
Greece's Ministry of National Economy and Finance shared Minister Kyriakos Pierrakakis's interview on the 2026 economic outlook, highlighting tax cuts from the new year and potential further relief. Greece's growth is forecasted at over 2% in 2026, with November inflation at 2.4%, and notable increases in minimum wage and net pay since 2019. Plans include substantial EU Recovery Fund disbursements and a strengthened Public Investment Programme through 2029, alongside the DETh-HELEXPO redevelopment in Thessaloniki.
Policy & regulation Reform agendas & priorities Economic data and developments
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2025-12-21•Oman•Central Bank of Oman
The Central Bank of Oman announced the issuance of a one rial polymer commemorative banknote, marking the first polymer note in Omani currency history, to enter circulation on 11 January 2026. The note, featuring the Oman Botanic Garden and other cultural landmarks, will circulate alongside existing banknotes and remain legal tender. Additionally, 1,000 uncut sheets and 10,000 banknotes in designed envelopes will be available for sale.
Policy & regulation Implementation, projects & pilots Currency and cash management
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2025-12-21•Egypt•Central Bank of Egypt
The Central Bank of Egypt hosted a seminar on "Current and Emerging Regulatory Developments" with 23 African central banks, focusing on supervisory priorities like Basel Accord frameworks, emergency liquidity assistance, and cybersecurity. This marks the first in-person gathering since 2021, aiming to enhance risk management practices across Africa. The seminar is part of a series initiated by the Basel Implementation Working Group under Egypt's leadership.
Policy & regulation Cooperation Cross-border cooperation Supervision process and methodologies
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2025-12-21•Egypt•Central Bank of Egypt
The Central Bank of Egypt announced record remittance inflows from Egyptians working abroad, totaling USD 33.9 billion from January to October 2025, up from USD 23.7 billion in the same period in 2024. October 2025 saw a 26.2% increase in monthly remittances, reaching USD 3.7 billion compared to USD 2.9 billion in October 2024.
Data & statistics Cross-border payments
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2025-12-21•India•Securities & Exchange Board of India
The Securities and Exchange Board of India clarified that the regulatory framework for short selling remains unchanged, countering a media report suggesting imminent changes.
Policy & regulation Guidance & interpretation Trading
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2025-12-21•Vietnam•State Bank of Vietnam
The State Bank of Vietnam announced the establishment of an International Financial Centre under National Assembly Resolution 222/2025/QH15, with governance arrangements and leadership appointments detailed. The centre will have an executive council chaired by Permanent Deputy Prime Minister Nguyen Hoa Binh and two operating agencies in Ho Chi Minh City and Da Nang. Governor Nguyen Thi Hong will serve as vice-chair of the executive council.
Institutional development Governance Other
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2025-12-21•Vietnam•State Bank of Vietnam
The State Bank of Vietnam announced the Executive Council for Vietnam’s International Financial Centre, following the Prime Minister's Decision No. 2755/QĐ-TTg. Chaired by Standing Deputy Prime Minister Nguyễn Hòa Bình, the council will oversee development in Ho Chi Minh City and Da Nang, with Governor Nguyễn Thị Hồng as vice chair. Responsibilities include strategy issuance, operational rule adoption, and advisory council formation, reporting to the Government and Prime Minister as needed.
Policy & regulation Implementation, projects & pilots Mandate change
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2025-12-20•Tanzania•Tanzania Insurance Regulatory Authority
The Tanzania Insurance Regulatory Authority (TIRA) participated in a capacity-building session in Shinyanga Region to clarify its supervisory role in the Universal Health Insurance scheme. The event included key health sector stakeholders and featured an award presentation to the Regional Administrative Secretary for his efforts in registering health facilities.
Policy & regulation Implementation, projects & pilots Other
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2025-12-20•Peru•Central Bank of Peru
The Central Bank of Peru reported a 10.7% year-on-year increase in non-traditional exports for October 2025, totaling USD 2,332 million, driven by fishery, agricultural, and non-metallic mining sectors. Growth was observed in shipments to major markets except the United States, with notable increases to China, Latin America, Asia excluding China, and Europe. From January to October, non-traditional exports reached USD 18,725 million, marking a 16.3% rise from the same period in 2024, driven by a 20.6% increase in export volumes.
Data & statistics Balance of payments and other external statistics
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2025-12-20•Algeria•Algeria Market Authority (COSOB)
The Algeria Market Authority said a high-level conference session brought together Arab market regulators to discuss stronger regional cooperation and deeper financial market integration. The talks covered market performance, fintech and innovative finance, regulatory coordination, and future development linked to digital transformation and financial sustainability.
Policy & regulation Cooperation Cross-border cooperation Market development
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2025-12-20•Algeria•Algeria Market Authority (COSOB)
The Algeria Market Authority held the third annual Algerian Financial Market Conference, focused on innovative finance, digital transformation, sustainability and financial inclusion. A key outcome was the official launch of electronic platforms for placing stock exchange orders. The event also included strategic cooperation agreements, policy panels and a fintech exhibition connecting startups with financial institutions.
Policy & regulation Implementation, projects & pilots Market development Financial inclusion
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2025-12-20•Ghana•Bank of Ghana
At the Chartered Institute of Bankers Ghana’s 2025 Governor’s Day dinner, the Bank of Ghana's governor announced operational and supervisory changes to restore monetary discipline and strengthen financial infrastructure. Measures included a 100-basis-point policy rate increase, cash reserve recalibration, and open market operation enhancements, leading to inflation reduction and cedi appreciation. The governor also emphasized banking sector resilience, a Microfinance Sector Reform Strategy, and infrastructure updates, focusing on capital rebuilding, NPL reduction, and digital asset regulation for 2026.
Policy & regulation Rules & requirements Monetary policy decisions and developments Financial stability and systemic risk
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2025-12-20•Thailand•Thailand Office of Insurance Commission
The Thailand Office of Insurance Commission's 2025 work programme focuses on 13 priorities, including prudential policy, motor insurance reform, and digital infrastructure. Key initiatives involve expanding group-wide supervision, revising investment rules, and reducing market risk capital charges. The OIC introduced driving behaviour as a pricing factor in motor insurance and launched projects like a road safety pilot, e-Policy development, and Open Insurance data-sharing.
Policy & regulation Reform agendas & priorities Market development
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2025-12-20•Serbia•National Bank of Serbia
The National Bank of Serbia refuted claims from a Vreme portal article alleging a EUR 100 exchange limit, confirming no such restrictions exist. It criticized the article as fabricated and warned that such misinformation could incite unnecessary panic. The bank assured that it has maintained smooth operations for euro and foreign currency exchanges, even during high demand periods.
Supervision Alerts Other
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2025-12-20•Vietnam•State Bank of Vietnam
The State Bank of Vietnam’s Party Committee held a conference to transfer six party organisations from the Government Party Committee, following Politburo and Secretariat Conclusion 208-KL/TW. The transfer involves Agribank, BIDV, Vietcombank, VietinBank, the central Vietnam Bank for Social Policies, and Deposit Insurance of Vietnam. Post-transfer priorities include completing file transfers, consolidating organisational arrangements, and coordinating with relevant bodies to address arising issues.
Institutional development Mandate & organizational structure Leadership change and appointments
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2025-12-20•Vietnam•State Bank of Vietnam
Deputy Governor Pham Tien Dung of the State Bank of Vietnam attended the National Forum on Digital Economy and Society, chaired by Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh. The forum outlined policy priorities for a comprehensive digital economy and society, aiming for double-digit GDP growth from 2026 to 2030. The Prime Minister emphasized the digital economy as a growth driver and urged stakeholders to focus on institution-building, technology development, and creating a safe digital environment.
Policy & regulation Reform agendas & priorities Other
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2025-12-19•Hong Kong•Hong Kong Insurance Authority
The Hong Kong Insurance Authority reported that insurance payouts following the Wang Fuk Court fire in Tai Po have exceeded HKD 257 million. Life insurance claims involved 17 insurers, with 109 claims settled for HKD 41.5 million and 40 cases pending. General insurance claims involved 34 insurers, with payouts totaling approximately HKD 204 million.
Supervision Interventions Other
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2025-12-19•Global•Egmont Group
The Egmont Group briefed delegates at the 70th MONEYVAL Plenary on updates to its Charter to enhance Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) independence and outlined a 2026 training program covering international FIU exposure, virtual asset regulation, and international cooperation. A Europe II region-endorsed project was also presented, reviewing Financial Action Task Force and MONEYVAL reports to identify regional training needs, focusing on FIU-law enforcement cooperation and effective financial intelligence.
Policy & regulation Implementation, projects & pilots AML and CFT
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2025-12-19•Mexico•Central Bank of Mexico
The Central Bank of Mexico's Technical Committee of the Pension Fund for Wellbeing approved the July–September 2025 quarterly reports and amendments to the fund’s investment regime. The changes aim to enhance operational flexibility and resource optimization. The committee also endorsed the 2026 work plan, operating expenses, fiduciary fees, and meeting calendar.
Policy & regulation Rules & requirements Other
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2025-12-19•Mexico•Mexico Comision Nacional Bancaria y de Valores (CNBV)
Mexico's National Banking and Securities Commission (CNBV) released the Annual Financial Inclusion Panorama 2025, detailing financial inclusion in Mexico with data up to end-2024. The report covers financial infrastructure, deposit products, credit, retirement savings, insurance, and more, including a gender-focused analysis and international comparisons. It introduces new data on business credit from development banks and regional results from the 2024 National Survey of Financial Inclusion.
Data & statistics Financial inclusion