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2026-10-15•New Zealand•Department of Internal Affairs
The New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs identified 64 real estate businesses subject to AML/CFT supervision through its Know Your Population project. Although 86% of assessed entities had appointed a compliance officer, risk assessments and the programs based on them were less consistently in place. The department will use the findings to improve sector scans, outreach and supervisory data.
SupervisionReviews, inspections & stress testsAML and CFTCompliance
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2026-10-15•Australia•Australian Competition and Consumer Commission
The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission is meeting its target to assess 80% of acquisitions within 20 business days under the new merger regime, with four matters resolved in Phase 1 through targeted divestments. The regime is providing greater visibility into serial acquisitions and consolidation across critical services. The regulator is also sharpening enforcement against resale price maintenance and has brought its first case alleging a concerted practice.
Policy & regulationImplementation, projects & pilotsCompetition and market structure
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2026-10-15•Australia•Australian Prudential Regulation Authority
The Australian Prudential Regulation Authority and Reserve Bank of New Zealand found that both banking systems would remain resilient under a severe cross-border stress scenario, with banks continuing to extend credit despite substantial losses and capital and liquidity pressure. The first joint exercise since 2017 examined economic, funding, market and cyber shocks and will inform future supervision, crisis management and stress testing.
SupervisionReviews, inspections & stress testsStress testingFinancial stability and systemic riskCross-border cooperation
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2026-10-15•Australia•Australian Securities & Investments Commission
The Australian Securities & Investments Commission is consulting on licensing guidance and standards for digital asset and tokenised custody platforms ahead of the new framework’s commencement on April 8, 2027. The proposals cover licensing, customer disclosures, platform rules, asset holding, trading and settlement, and net tangible asset requirements, with streamlined processes proposed for certain existing licensees and earlier applicants.
Policy & regulationGuidance & interpretationBlockchain and distributed ledger technologyTokenizationCompliance
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2026-10-14•Caribbean•Eastern Caribbean Central Bank
The Eastern Caribbean Central Bank’s Office of Financial Conduct will begin accepting complaints on Oct. 15, 2026, from customers of licensed financial institutions across the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union. The free service will cover issues such as unfair treatment, inadequate information, fees, banking products and access to financial services, with no legal representation required.
SupervisionInterventionsConsumer and investor protectionComplaints and dispute resolution
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2026-10-14•Nicaragua•Central Bank of Nicaragua
The Central Bank of Nicaragua reported 2.5% annual growth in economic activity in July, taking cumulative growth for January-July to 3.9%. Energy and water, hospitality, and mining led the expansion, while manufacturing and agriculture contracted.
Data & statisticsActivity and performance reporting
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2026-10-14•Canada•Ontario Securities Commission
The Ontario Securities Commission warned that Risance Ltd and Smjer Fundark are not registered to deal or advise in securities in Ontario. Investors should verify registration before accepting investment services or advice.
SupervisionAlertsConsumer and investor protectionUnlicensed or unauthorized activity
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2026-10-14•Europe•Council of Europe
The Council of Europe is marking 25 years of the Budapest Convention with a global conference examining AI, electronic evidence and other emerging cybercrime challenges. A new study confirms that AI systems fall within the convention’s scope and recommends stronger industry cooperation and practical investigative resources. Kazakhstan’s ratification brings the convention to 84 parties.
Policy & regulationInternational standards & recommendationsArtificial intelligenceAML and CFTCyber resilience
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2026-10-14•Europe•European Banking Authority
The European Banking Authority has classified USDC as the EU’s first significant e-money token under the Markets in Crypto Assets Regulation. From Nov. 12, 2026, the EBA and France’s Prudential Supervision and Resolution Authority will divide supervisory responsibility for the token. The EBA has also agreed to exchange information with the New York State Department of Financial Services on USDC’s cross-border activities.
SupervisionCooperationStablecoinsCross-border cooperationCapital adequacy
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2026-10-14•Morocco•Moroccan Insurance Authority (ACAPS)
Moroccan Insurance Authority Chairman Abderrahim Chaffai highlighted financial viability, governance and evolving supervision as key challenges in extending Compulsory Health Insurance to everyone.
Policy & regulationReform agendas & prioritiesFinancial inclusionCorporate governance
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2026-10-14•Iceland•Central Bank of Iceland
The Central Bank of Iceland will halve its weekly foreign currency purchases from EUR 12 million to EUR 6 million beginning October 16 and continue the program through November 30, 2026. Two EUR 3 million purchases will be conducted each week to meet the Treasury’s ordinary foreign currency needs and maintain international reserves.
Monetary policyMonetary policy instruments & operationsForeign exchange policy and markets
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2026-10-14•Russia•Central Bank of Russia
The Central Bank of Russia reports moderate but uneven economic expansion and a September slowdown in consumer price growth. Inflation nevertheless remained markedly above target, requiring careful calibration of the key rate path to return it to 4% in 2027.
Monetary policyMonetary policy assessments & outlooksMacroprudential policy and toolsFinancial stability and systemic risk
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2026-10-14•West Africa•Central Bank of West African States
The Central Bank of West African States has opened applications for the first cohort of its Financial Innovation Laboratory. Licensed institutions and financial technology companies may apply by Nov. 30, 2026, but crypto asset projects are excluded.
SupervisionInnovation & testingRegulatory sandboxFintech and insurtech
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2026-10-14•Cuba•Central Bank of Cuba
Central Bank of Cuba Minister President Juana Lilia Delgado Portal led a delegation reviewing banking operations in Sancti Spíritus, including pension payments and work supporting the region’s energy transition. She also discussed the impact of government changes affecting the Cuban Banking and Financial System with local economic participants.
OtherRegulatory reportingClimate risk and sustainable financeCorporate governance
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2026-10-14•Hungary•National Bank of Hungary
National Bank of Hungary Governor Mihály Varga said Hungary should prioritize economic readiness over the timing of euro adoption. Preparation should extend beyond the Maastricht criteria to sustained low inflation, fiscal balance, higher productivity and stronger competitiveness. He cited September inflation of 1.6% but warned that external risks still require cautious monetary policy.
Monetary policyMonetary policy assessments & outlooksForeign exchange policy and marketsFinancial stability and systemic riskMacroprudential policy and tools
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2026-10-14•United States•U.S. Securities & Exchange Commission
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s trading markets director expects recommendations on access fee caps and pricing increments to accompany any change to the trade-through rule. The director also reviewed the conditional framework for tokenized stock venues and expects at least four exchanges to begin trading perpetual futures on securities in the fourth quarter. SEC staff is separately examining conflicts involving exchange affiliations with broker-dealers.
Policy & regulationRules & requirementsTokenizationRegulatory sandboxMarket development
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2026-10-14•United States•Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
Comptroller of the Currency Jonathan V. Gould highlighted findings that large banks used reputation risk policies to restrict services to coal and firearms businesses based on public or political pressures rather than objective financial risk. He said banks may choose their customers but should apply objective, risk based criteria, and noted that the OCC has removed reputation risk from its supervisory framework.
SupervisionSupervision approach, priorities & toolkitRisk managementComplianceConsumer and investor protection
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2026-10-14•Brazil•Brazil Securities Commission (CVM)
The Brazil Securities Commission suspended an enforcement ruling after its rapporteur voted to fine 12 companies and individuals for market fraud and failures involving intermediaries, fiduciary oversight and credit ratings. The proposed penalties include fines of up to BRL 2.72 million per respondent, but no final decision has been reached.
EnforcementInvestigations & enforcement actionsMarket abuseCredit ratings
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2026-10-14•United States•National Credit Union Administration
The National Credit Union Administration has opened the 12th round of its Deregulation Project with three proposals covering fidelity bonds, incidental powers and the Central Liquidity Facility. The changes would simplify bond requirements, clarify direct applications for new incidental powers, and modernize liquidity facility membership, reporting and capital stock rules while retaining core safeguards.
Policy & regulationRules & requirementsRegulatory reportingLiquidity riskCapital adequacy
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2026-10-14•United Arab Emirates•Central Bank of the UAE
Central Bank of the UAE Governor Khaled Mohamed Balama projected GDP growth of 1.6% in 2026 and approximately 10% in 2027. He attributed the acceleration to expanding non-oil activity, infrastructure investment and increased oil production capacity, supported by strong fiscal buffers and sovereign assets.
Monetary policyMonetary policy assessments & outlooksMacroprudential policy and toolsFinancial stability and systemic riskGeopolitical risk
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2026-10-14•Malta•Malta Financial Services Authority
The Malta Financial Services Authority found broad reported alignment with Solvency II but identified practical weaknesses in risk management at inspected insurance and reinsurance undertakings. Firms must address gaps in risk assessment, incident management, tailored policies and workplans, business continuity and succession planning, while ensuring the risk management function operates independently as an effective second line of defence.
SupervisionReviews, inspections & stress testsRisk managementOperational risk and resilience
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2026-10-14•United States•U.S. Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs
Senate Banking Committee ranking member Elizabeth Warren said prices have risen 5.9% since December 2024, costing families an average of USD 3,772, while real wages have lagged inflation for six consecutive months.
Data & statisticsConsumer and investor protection
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2026-10-14•Uruguay•Ministry of Economy & Finance (Uruguay)
Uruguay’s National Internal Audit Office and the Standing Committee on Accounting Standards met with IASB directors Tadeu Cendón and Robert Uhl. The discussion covered new International Financial Reporting Standards and changes to existing accounting standards.
Policy & regulationInternational standards & recommendationsAccounting and financial reportingAuditing
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2026-10-14•Egypt•Egypt Financial Regulatory Authority
The Egypt Financial Regulatory Authority will hold an Alexandria conference and public exhibition on Oct. 15 to promote regulated nonbank financial services and safe investment. The program will connect residents and businesses with financial providers and cover customer protection, fraud prevention, financial technology and financing options for smaller enterprises.
Financial literacy & educationConsumer and investor protectionFinancial inclusionFraud and scams
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2026-10-14•Ecuador•Central Bank of Ecuador
The Central Bank of Ecuador reported that the economy expanded for three consecutive quarters through the second quarter of 2026. Leading indicators signal that the expansion continued into the third quarter, supported by industrial imports, oil-related variables, savings deposits and improved non-oil terms of trade.
Monetary policyMonetary policy assessments & outlooksMacroprudential policy and toolsFinancial stability and systemic risk
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2026-10-14•Belize•Central Bank of Belize
The Central Bank of Belize has warned that scammers are using Google Meet calls to impersonate its representatives and seek personal or banking information. The public should not disclose sensitive information and should immediately end suspicious calls or online meetings.
SupervisionAlertsFraud and scams
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2026-10-14•United States•U.S. Securities & Exchange Commission
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s Small Business Capital Formation Advisory Committee will continue its review of IPO modernization and examine potential Regulation Crowdfunding reforms on October 27, 2026. The discussion will cover offering processes, IPO communications and analyst support, as well as changes that could expand access to early stage capital.
Policy & regulationReform agendas & prioritiesCrowdfundingSecurities offerings and listingsMarket development
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2026-10-14•Panama•Superintendencia de Bancos de Panama
The Superintendency of Banks of Panama reviewed financial sector conditions, regulatory progress and risks with an IMF Article IV mission. The IMF highlighted banking resilience and advances in capital and supervision, while emphasizing further work on risk management, bank resolution and financial integrity.
SupervisionRisk monitoring & watch pointsFinancial stability and systemic riskCapital adequacyAML and CFT
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2026-10-14•Portugal•Portuguese Insurance Regulator (ASF)
Portugal's Insurance and Pension Funds Supervisory Authority has proposed first quarter 2027 indices for automatically updating insured values under policies covering residential property risks. The indices rise by between 3.34% and 3.43% from the previous quarter and by between 6.46% and 13.75% year on year, while policyholders remain responsible for ensuring adequate coverage.
Policy & regulationRules & requirementsConsumer and investor protectionRegulatory reporting
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2026-10-14•Brazil•Brazil Securities Commission (CVM)
The Brazil Securities Commission has launched a pilot for securities issuance, trading and post-trade operations on distributed ledger technology networks. The tests will assess viability and interoperability while identifying risks and regulatory gaps. Findings will inform possible regulatory or legislative changes.
Policy & regulationImplementation, projects & pilotsBlockchain and distributed ledger technologyTokenizationRegulatory sandbox
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2026-10-14•Argentina•Central Bank of Argentina
Central Bank of Argentina Vice President Vladimir Werning outlined the central bank’s monetary and foreign exchange strategy at investor roundtables in Bangkok. He addressed monetary normalization, wider credit access, domestic savings and the shift from foreign exchange controls toward higher reserves and balanced flows.
Monetary policyMonetary policy framework & strategyForeign exchange policy and marketsMacroprudential policy and toolsFinancial stability and systemic risk
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2026-10-14•India•Securities & Exchange Board of India
The Securities and Exchange Board of India won the global Agentic Regulator Hackathon with PolicyTwin, an artificial intelligence prototype for testing draft policies in a simulated securities market. The tool assesses market effects and tests safeguards while keeping officials in control of assumptions and decisions. SEBI plans to adopt it after further refinement and testing.
SupervisionInnovation & testingArtificial intelligenceRegtech and suptechMarket abuse
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2026-10-14•Europe•European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority
The European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority reported that EEA insurers held EUR 7.9 trillion in bonds and equities at the end of 2025, with 38.2% invested at home and 33.9% elsewhere in the EEA. The remaining 27.9% was invested outside the region, about half in US securities, while rising cross-border exposure in the euro area and Scandinavia coincided with growth in unit-linked portfolios.
Data & statisticsRegulatory reportingMarket developmentAsset quality
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2026-10-14•Spain•Spanish Securities Commission (CNMV)
The Spanish Securities Commission will prioritize IFRS 18 implementation disclosures and business model and value chain reporting in its supervision of issuers’ 2026 reports. Issuers should explain material effects on income statement presentation and performance measures before IFRS 18 takes effect in 2027. Sustainability disclosures should clearly describe the business model and value chain and remain consistent with other corporate reporting.
SupervisionSupervision approach, priorities & toolkitAccounting and financial reportingDisclosuresESG
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2026-10-14•Kosovo•Central Bank of the Republic of Kosovo
The Central Bank of the Republic of Kosovo reviewed financial stability and progress on IMF-supported reforms with IMF Deputy Managing Director Bo Li. Priorities include risk-based supervision, macroprudential oversight, crisis management, governance and analytical capacity. The central bank also confirmed that it has fulfilled its contribution to the IMF’s new regional technical assistance center for Southeast Europe.
Policy & regulationReform agendas & prioritiesFinancial stability and systemic riskMacroprudential policy and tools
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2026-10-14•Kosovo•Central Bank of the Republic of Kosovo
The Central Bank of the Republic of Kosovo reviewed progress with the World Bank Group on payment infrastructure modernization, the TIPS Clone instant payment system and SEPA integration. The work also covers financial inclusion and digital services, supported by World Bank financing, expertise and technical assistance.
Policy & regulationImplementation, projects & pilotsPayments and payment systemsFinancial inclusionMarket infrastructure
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2026-10-14•Europe•Council of Europe
The Council of Europe has opened a protocol strengthening cross-border recovery of criminal proceeds, including crypto-assets, with eight countries and the European Union becoming the first signatories. It expands confiscation, urgent asset-freezing and information-sharing powers, while requiring dedicated asset tracing and management offices. Five ratifications, including three from Council of Europe member states, are needed for entry into force.
Policy & regulationInternational standards & recommendationsAML and CFTCross-border cooperation
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2026-10-14•Albania•Bank of Albania
The Bank of Albania and the European Investment Bank discussed expanding cooperation on sustainable finance, climate resilience and Albania’s green transition. Their work has already produced the final draft of the National Green Taxonomy, designed to direct capital toward sustainable activities and improve market transparency.
Policy & regulationCooperationGreen taxonomyClimate risk and sustainable financeESG
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2026-10-14•Luxembourg•Ministry of Finance (Luxembourg)
The Luxembourg State Treasury has placed a EUR 1.7 billion, 10-year sovereign benchmark bond issued natively on distributed ledger technology infrastructure. The 3.70% bond was issued through LuxCSD using Clearstream’s D7 platform and is eligible as collateral in Eurosystem credit operations.
Policy & regulationImplementation, projects & pilotsBlockchain and distributed ledger technologyTokenizationSecuritization
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2026-10-14•Liechtenstein•Liechtenstein Financial Market Authority
Copper Markets (Liechtenstein) AG’s VT custodian registration expired after the firm waived it effective Sept. 24, 2026, ending its authorization to provide investment services subject to registration.
SupervisionAuthorisations & approvalsClient asset custody and safekeepingMandate change
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2026-10-14•Oman•Oman Financial Services Authority
The Oman Financial Services Authority briefed securities firms, capital market institutions and issuers on implementing the new Executive Regulation of the Securities Law. The symposium covered licensing and capital standards, client asset segregation, investment funds, supervisory reporting, disclosure and insider controls. Participant questions will inform detailed rules to be issued subsequently.
Policy & regulationGuidance & interpretationCapital adequacyDisclosuresMarket abuse
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2026-10-14•Global•IOSCO
The Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures and the International Organization of Securities Commissions finalized supplemental guidance for all FMIs on managing general business risks and losses. FMIs should hold liquid net assets funded by equity equal to at least the greater of recovery and orderly wind-down costs or six months of current operating expenses. The guidance also addresses risk assessment, equity-raising plans, board oversight and participant disclosures.
Policy & regulationGuidance & interpretationRecovery and resolutionMarket infrastructureRisk management
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2026-10-14•Qatar•Qatar Central Bank
The Qatar Central Bank and People’s Bank of China signed the third extension of their local currency swap agreement to support bilateral trade and direct investment, following previous extensions in 2017 and 2021 of the original 2014 agreement.
Monetary policyMonetary policy instruments & operationsCross-border paymentsForeign exchange policy and markets
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2026-10-14•Qatar•Qatar Central Bank
Qatar Central Bank Governor Sheikh Bandar bin Mohammed bin Saoud Al Thani met BlackRock Vice Chairman Philipp Hildebrand to discuss developments in global finance and investment.
OtherFinancial stability and systemic riskMacroprudential policy and tools
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2026-10-14•United States•Federal Reserve Board
US Federal Reserve Board analysis found that semiliquid retail fund assets increased from USD 15 billion in 2018 to USD 388 billion in 2025. Private credit now represents 49.5% of interval fund holdings and 93.4% of non-traded business development company portfolios. The growth could amplify redemption pressures and make private market credit more sensitive to retail investor behavior and valuation uncertainty.
ResearchFinancial stability and systemic riskLiquidity risk
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2026-10-14•Kazakhstan•Agency for Regulation and Development of the Financial Market of the Republic of Kazakhstan
The Agency for Regulation and Development of the Financial Market of the Republic of Kazakhstan approved Andrey Vladimirovich Kiselev for senior securities market roles and Mukhabbat Bolatovna Seitova for governing body roles at ForteFinance JSC.
Institutional developmentLeadership change & appointmentsLeadership change and appointments
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2026-10-14•Kazakhstan•Agency for Regulation and Development of the Financial Market of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan’s financial market regulator detailed a 2030 program of 35 strategic measures and 173 actions to expand issuers, deepen liquidity and channel pension savings into long-term investment. Plans include a direct Euroclear connection in 2027, partial guarantees covering 30% to 70% of bond issues and private management of 20% to 30% of pension assets by 2030. A new Capital Market Law is expected to be submitted to the Kurultai in December.
Policy & regulationReform agendas & prioritiesSecurities offerings and listingsMarket developmentMarket infrastructure
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2026-10-14•Mozambique•Ministry of Finance (Mozambique)
Mozambique’s Minister of Finance Carla Loveira joined the IMF’s First African Constituency to discuss monetary and fiscal policy amid global uncertainty and stronger African representation in international decision making. Pedro Castro Silva of Angola succeeds Adriano Ubisse as the constituency’s executive director.
Institutional developmentLeadership change & appointmentsCross-border cooperationFinancial stability and systemic riskMacroprudential policy and tools
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2026-10-14•Central African Republic•Banking Commission of the Central African Republic
The Banking Commission of Central Africa provided supplementary information on the procurement of a platform for the CEMAC money market and Single Central Depository.
Policy & regulationImplementation, projects & pilotsMarket infrastructure
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2026-10-14•China•China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission
China’s National Financial Regulatory Administration and Macao’s economy and finance secretary discussed economic and financial development, deeper regulatory cooperation and support for the appropriate diversification of Macao’s economy.
Policy & regulationCooperationCross-border cooperation
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2026-10-14•United States•U.S. Securities & Exchange Commission
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission approved exchange listing of cash settled, European style binary options based on specified issuer KPIs. The standardized contracts will be National Market System securities and subject to existing exchange trading and investor protection rules. The order does not preclude Commodity Futures Trading Commission jurisdiction over differently structured KPI contracts.
Policy & regulationRules & requirementsSecurities offerings and listingsMarket development
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2026-10-14•United States•Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau will investigate potential consumer harm and legal violations linked to debanking practices identified by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency at nine large national banks. The review will assess restrictions based on political or religious beliefs or lawful business activities under federal credit reporting, fair lending and consumer protection laws.
SupervisionReviews, inspections & stress testsConsumer and investor protectionCompliance
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2026-10-14•United States•Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency found that all nine largest national banks it supervises maintained policies between 2020 and September 2025 that may have encouraged or influenced service restrictions based on beliefs or lawful business activities. It cited vague reputation risk standards and restrictions affecting sectors including fossil fuels, firearms and digital assets. The agency is assessing further regulatory and supervisory changes for the largest banks.
SupervisionReviews, inspections & stress testsConsumer and investor protectionCompliance
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2026-10-14•Hong Kong•Hong Kong Monetary Authority
The Hong Kong Monetary Authority reported that Exchange Fund foreign assets fell by HKD 76.7 billion in September 2026 to HKD 3,576.0 billion. The Monetary Base stood at HKD 2,090.2 billion, while claims on Hong Kong’s private sector totaled HKD 473.0 billion.
Data & statisticsAccounting and financial reportingRegulatory reporting
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2026-10-14•Georgia•National Bank of Georgia
The National Bank of Georgia is maintaining tight monetary policy while monitoring whether global shocks spread to core inflation, services inflation and inflation expectations. International reserves reached a record of about USD 8.1 billion in September 2026, strengthening the country’s external buffers.
Monetary policyMonetary policy assessments & outlooksMacroprudential policy and toolsFinancial stability and systemic risk
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2026-10-14•Tajikistan•National Bank of the Republic of Tajikistan
The National Bank of the Republic of Tajikistan and the IFC discussed reforms to expand SME finance and innovative financial services. Priorities included factoring and reverse factoring, a national electronic financing platform, instant payments, electronic money regulation and payment services legislation.
Policy & regulationCooperationSME financingPayments and payment systemsFinancial inclusion
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2026-10-14•Poland•Ministry of Finance (Poland)
Poland's Ministry of Finance received a Future of Payments 2026 award for its KSeF cashless e-invoice payment standard. The standard provides uniform rules for adding payment links to e-invoices and processing transactions through payment gateways, supporting automation from invoice issuance to payment.
Policy & regulationRules & requirementsPayments and payment systemsMarket infrastructureFraud and scams
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2026-10-14•Uganda•Bank of Uganda
The Bank of Uganda raised the Central Bank Rate by 225 basis points to 12 percent to counter exchange rate depreciation and rising energy, food and underlying price pressures. It projects headline inflation of 7 percent to 7.5 percent over the next 12 months and cut its fiscal 2026-27 growth forecast to 6 percent to 6.5 percent.
Monetary policyPolicy rate decisionsMacroprudential policy and toolsFinancial stability and systemic risk
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2026-10-14•Mozambique•Ministry of Finance (Mozambique)
Mozambique’s finance minister is participating in V20 discussions on expanding concessional and private financing for climate vulnerable developing countries. Priorities include climate shock instruments and stronger national ownership of development strategies, amid projected global losses of about USD 3.9 trillion from worsening extreme weather.
Policy & regulationCooperationClimate risk and sustainable financeFinancial stability and systemic riskCross-border cooperation
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2026-10-14•Italy•Bank of Italy
The Bank of Italy is offering seven scholarships for postgraduate study at leading universities abroad in economics, quantitative finance, technology, law and regulation. Eligible recent graduates from Italian universities must hold a qualifying degree with a grade of at least 110/110 and apply by noon on Nov. 20, 2026.
OtherArtificial intelligenceFintech and insurtechCyber resilience
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2026-10-14•Spain•Bank of Spain
Bank of Spain Director General for Economics David López Salido warned that geopolitical, technological and demographic shifts could bring more volatile inflation and higher medium-term real interest rates. Spain benefits from strong private-sector and bank balance sheets, but must address weak productivity growth, public debt and housing shortages through investment, credible fiscal policy and increased affordable housing supply.
Policy & regulationReform agendas & prioritiesGeopolitical riskArtificial intelligenceFinancial stability and systemic risk
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2026-10-14•Portugal•Portuguese Insurance Regulator (ASF)
The Insurance and Pension Funds Supervisory Authority will present a new knowledge and monitoring platform for long-term retirement savings on October 27, developed with NOVA University Lisbon.
Policy & regulationImplementation, projects & pilotsConsumer and investor protectionFinancial stability and systemic riskData management
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2026-10-14•Netherlands•Dutch Authority for the Financial Markets
The Dutch Authority for the Financial Markets has set thresholds and fines for investment firms that fail to report substantial MiFIR transaction reporting deficiencies. The starting fine is EUR 25,000 for a first violation and EUR 50,000 for a second within five years. Periodic checks will assess whether firms are voluntarily reporting incidents.
Policy & regulationRules & requirementsRegulatory reportingCompliance
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2026-10-14•Netherlands•Dutch Authority for the Financial Markets
The Dutch Authority for the Financial Markets has updated its administrative fining policy, effective Oct. 15, 2026, to provide greater scope for tailored penalties. For more serious cases involving larger companies, turnover based fines will start at three to 10 times the base amount depending on company size, subject to possible proportionality reductions.
Policy & regulationGuidance & interpretationCompliance
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2026-10-14•Egypt•Egypt Financial Regulatory Authority
The Egypt Financial Regulatory Authority and Tunisia’s Microfinance Supervisory Authority discussed stronger oversight of enterprise finance, including risk management, compliance, customer protection and digital supervision. Egypt’s outstanding financing for medium, small and microenterprises exceeded EGP 101 billion in the second quarter of 2026, serving about 3.5 million customers. The authorities also reviewed affordability, collections, identity verification, pricing oversight and technology enabled financial products.
Policy & regulationCooperationSME financingArtificial intelligenceCompliance
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2026-10-14•Bahrain•Central Bank of Bahrain
Central Bank of Bahrain Governor Khalid Humaidan chaired talks between GCC central bank governors and People’s Bank of China Governor Pan Gongsheng. The meeting covered investment ties, payment systems and broader financial cooperation, with digital payments identified as a key opportunity.
Policy & regulationCooperationPayments and payment systemsCross-border cooperation
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2026-10-14•Finland•Bank of Finland
The Bank of Finland outlined how declining euro area reserves will shift interest rate steering toward active money markets and Eurosystem refinancing operations. Banks will need to manage liquidity more actively, while future structural refinancing operations and a bond portfolio will supplement existing weekly and three month operations.
Monetary policyMonetary policy assessments & outlooksLiquidity riskTokenizationPayments and payment systems
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2026-10-14•Estonia•Central Bank of Estonia
The Central Bank of Estonia has published its monthly balance of payments flash estimate, which uses a smaller dataset than the quarterly figures and is subsequently revised. The third-quarter 2026 balance of payments will be published on Dec. 9, 2026.
Data & statisticsCross-border paymentsData managementFinancial stability and systemic risk
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2026-10-14•Sweden•Finansinspektionen
The Swedish Financial Supervisory Authority has proposed aligning reporting rules for insurance and occupational pension companies with IFRS 18, which replaces IAS 1 on Jan. 1, 2027. The proposal would clarify that IFRS 18 need not be applied when presenting the income statement and would make minor corrections without substantive regulatory changes.
Policy & regulationRules & requirementsAccounting and financial reportingRegulatory reporting
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2026-10-14•Global•International Association of Insurance Supervisors
The International Association of Insurance Supervisors has admitted the Central Bank of Hungary to its Multilateral Memorandum of Understanding. The agreement enables confidential information exchange and cooperation among insurance supervisors, with signatories now representing three-quarters of global gross written premiums.
SupervisionCooperationSupervisory collegesCross-border cooperationCompliance
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2026-10-14•Europe•European Commission
The European Commission reported that the EU and Ukraine have opened accession negotiations covering 17 chapters across the internal market and competitiveness clusters. These include financial services, capital movement, competition, taxation and economic and monetary policy, with benchmarks set for provisional closure.
Policy & regulationRules & requirementsCompetition and market structureTaxation
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2026-10-14•Europe•European Commission
The European Commission reported that the EU and Moldova have opened accession negotiations covering 17 chapters under the internal market and competitiveness and inclusive growth clusters. The EU also set benchmarks for provisional closure, with Moldova’s alignment with and implementation of EU rules to be monitored throughout the talks.
Policy & regulationCooperationCompetition and market structureTaxationFinancial stability and systemic risk
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2026-10-14•Europe•European Commission
The European Commission has launched an accelerator to support 20 pilot projects covering water efficiency, natural water retention and clean water. The initiative will help projects attract private finance and develop scalable funding models, contributing to efforts to close the EU’s estimated EUR 23 billion annual water investment gap. Applications for cost-free advisory support are due by the end of October.
Policy & regulationImplementation, projects & pilotsClimate risk and sustainable financeGreen taxonomySME financing
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2026-10-14•Morocco•Moroccan Insurance Authority (ACAPS)
Morocco’s Supervisory Authority of Insurance and Social Welfare launched a digital platform for submitting and tracking policyholder and beneficiary claims, with access optimized for computers and mobile devices. Existing claims will continue under standard procedures without action from claimants.
Policy & regulationImplementation, projects & pilotsClaims managementComplaints and dispute resolution
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2026-10-14•United Kingdom•Prudential Regulation Authority
The Prudential Regulation Authority and Financial Conduct Authority have removed the lender-level 15% cap on mortgages at or above 4.5 times income while retaining the 15% aggregate market limit. Firm-level flows and any required reductions will be measured over four rolling quarters, while aggregate lending will be monitored quarterly. The framework takes effect on Oct. 28, 2026, replacing interim measures introduced in 2025.
Policy & regulationRules & requirementsLendingFinancial stability and systemic riskRegulatory reporting
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2026-10-14•Qatar•Qatar Financial Centre
Fiera Capital is establishing a Qatar office after its UK subsidiary received initial authorization from the Qatar Financial Centre Regulatory Authority. The asset manager, which oversees approximately USD 115 billion, appointed Vijay Singh to lead the local branch.
SupervisionAuthorisations & approvalsLeadership change and appointmentsCorporate governanceMarket development
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2026-10-14•Switzerland•Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA)
The Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority found that Zürcher Kantonalbank and Raiffeisen meet emergency planning requirements, while PostFinance must further develop options for a scenario in which restructuring and continued operations are not possible. It approved all three banks’ recovery plans under tightened criteria, but identified remaining gaps in crisis exercise documentation and communication plans.
SupervisionReviews, inspections & stress testsRecovery and resolutionStress testingFinancial stability and systemic risk
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2026-10-14•Global•Bank for International Settlements
A Bank for International Settlements paper argues that money depends on a hierarchy anchored by central bank money, par convertibility, disciplined credit and public backstops. It finds that stablecoins seek to join this system but currently lack its settlement access, elasticity and protections. Wider integration would require regulation and credible institutional support for redemption at par.
ResearchStablecoinsPayments and payment systemsFinancial stability and systemic risk
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2026-10-14•United Arab Emirates•UAE Securities & Commodities Authority
The UAE Securities and Commodities Authority has improved bilingual access to its capital markets regulatory framework through clearer organization, enhanced search and navigation, and detailed version histories. The cloud-based, artificial intelligence-ready platform brings together current requirements, updates, repealed provisions and archived materials.
Policy & regulationImplementation, projects & pilotsRegulatory sandboxArtificial intelligenceMarket infrastructure
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2026-10-14•United Arab Emirates•Central Bank of the UAE
Central Bank of the UAE Governor Khaled Mohamed Balama and People’s Bank of China Governor Pan Gongsheng discussed closer financial and banking cooperation, including support for bilateral trade and investment. The talks follow earlier joint work on cross-border digital currency payments and interconnected payment infrastructure, though no specific new measures were announced.
Policy & regulationCooperationCross-border cooperation
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2026-10-14•Europe•European Central Bank
European Central Bank Executive Board member Frank Elderson urged banks to strengthen resilience against climate and nature risks that existing models and scenarios cannot fully capture. He called for broader, tail-focused scenario analysis supported by expert judgment, as well as sufficient capital, liquidity and operational flexibility. The approach should also cover uncertain structural risks from geopolitics, demographics, artificial intelligence and quantum computing.
SupervisionSupervision approach, priorities & toolkitClimate risk and sustainable financeStress testingMacroprudential policy and tools
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2026-10-14•Europe•European Securities and Markets Authority
The European Securities and Markets Authority found that EU and European Economic Area cross-border retail investment clients rose 47% to 15.5 million in 2025, while the number of firms increased 2% to 379. Complaints remained broadly stable at 10,945, reducing the rate to 71 per 100,000 clients, though ESMA cautioned against drawing firm conclusions from that decline. Activity remained concentrated among a small number of home jurisdictions and firms.
Data & statisticsActivity and performance reportingConsumer and investor protectionCross-border cooperation
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2026-10-14•Europe•European Central Bank
A European Central Bank working paper finds that a one percentage point rate increase cuts new lending about one third more in fixed-rate banking systems than in variable-rate systems. Higher funding costs erode fixed-rate banks’ margins and capital, particularly for banks near minimum capital requirements. Capital buffer releases and more gradual tightening can reduce the resulting credit and financial stability effects.
ResearchCapital adequacyMacroprudential policy and toolsFinancial stability and systemic risk
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2026-10-14•Europe•European Central Bank
A European Central Bank working paper finds that unexpected hawkish interpretations of Governing Council communication are followed by higher market rates and declines in euro area activity, prices and employment. Its GPT-based measure compares major banks’ preview and recap reports and captures information that is not fully reflected in standard market-based policy surprises.
ResearchMacroprudential policy and toolsFinancial stability and systemic riskMarket risk and volatility
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2026-10-14•San Marino•Central Bank of San Marino
The Central Bank of the Republic of San Marino has launched an annual EUR 3,000 award for the best thesis or unpublished research paper, with accounting and administration as the 2026 theme. Eligible applicants must meet citizenship or residency, age and academic or research criteria, and submit their work by Nov. 15, 2026.
OtherAccounting and financial reporting
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2026-10-14•Asia•Eurasian Group (EAG)
The Eurasian Group on Combating Money Laundering and Financing of Terrorism named Uzbekistan’s Hamkorbank the winner of its fifth financial analysis competition. T-Bank and Axis Bank were named laureates, while Alif Bank received the audience award.
OtherAML and CFTFraud and scamsCross-border cooperation
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2026-10-14•Azerbaijan•Central Bank of the Republic of Azerbaijan
The Central Bank of the Republic of Azerbaijan has approved new payment system tariffs effective April 1, 2027, including lower fee caps for AZIPS and XÖHKS. The model introduces fixed fees based on transaction-value bands, lower charges for instant payments and revised tariffs for interbank card services and card transfer processing.
Policy & regulationRules & requirementsPayments and payment systemsMarket infrastructure
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2026-10-14•Hong Kong•Hong Kong Insurance Authority
The Hong Kong Insurance Authority banned or suspended six individuals for six to 13 months over breaches of anti-money laundering and counter-financing of terrorism controls. They helped customers make false declarations concerning bank drafts totaling about HKD 7.3 million that were used to pay insurance premiums.
EnforcementInvestigations & enforcement actionsAML and CFTFitness and propriety
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2026-10-14•South Korea•Ministry of Economy & Finance (South Korea)
South Korea’s Ministry of Economy and Finance announced that Deputy Prime Minister Lee Hyoung-il will attend IMF, World Bank, G20 and G7 meetings in Bangkok. He will discuss global economic issues and explain South Korea’s policy direction in meetings with international institutions, rating agencies and foreign finance ministers.
Policy & regulationCooperationCross-border cooperationFinancial stability and systemic risk
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2026-10-14•South Korea•Ministry of Economy & Finance (South Korea)
South Korea’s Ministry of Economy and Finance attributed large companies’ high share of Supply Chain Stabilization Fund financing by value to capital-intensive support for key economic security items, including crude oil. Approved financing reached KRW 8.1 trillion by the end of September 2026, while small and medium-sized and mid-sized enterprises accounted for 49% of cumulative support cases. The ministry plans to expand their access through a program offering preferential interest rates of up to 2.4 percentage points.
Policy & regulationGuidance & interpretationSME financingLendingFinancial inclusion
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2026-10-14•South Korea•South Korea Financial Services Commission
South Korea’s Securities and Futures Commission sanctioned Hanju ART for false accounting totaling KRW 25.855 billion from 2021 to 2023 and for obstructing external audits. The company faces three years of designated audits and criminal referrals, while monetary penalties remain subject to a final Financial Services Commission decision. Two audit firms and their responsible accountants also received audit restrictions and other measures for inadequate procedures.
EnforcementSanctions & designationsAccounting and financial reportingAuditing
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2026-10-14•South Korea•South Korea Financial Services Commission
The South Korea Financial Services Commission and Korea Development Bank selected seven managers for KRW 880 billion of ultra long term technology funds. The funds will invest in qualifying advanced technology companies for up to 16 years, with at least 40% of qualifying investments directed outside artificial intelligence and semiconductors. Fundraising and formation are expected by December, with investment potentially starting by year end.
Policy & regulationImplementation, projects & pilotsMarket developmentSME financing
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2026-10-14•Thailand•Ministry of Finance (Thailand)
Thailand’s Ministry of Finance announced Cabinet approval of a THB 50 billion Government Housing Bank program aimed primarily at helping low and middle income borrowers buy homes. Loans are capped at THB 3 million, offer initial annual rates of 2.6% or 2.8% for two years and may run for up to 40 years. Applications open on Oct. 15, 2026.
Policy & regulationImplementation, projects & pilotsLendingFinancial inclusion
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2026-10-14•Moldova•Ministry of Finance (Moldova)
Moldova's Ministry of Finance reported the formal opening of EU accession negotiations on the Internal Market and Competitiveness and Inclusive Growth clusters. The ministry will coordinate chapters covering capital movements, financial services, taxation, economic and monetary policy, and the customs union.
Policy & regulationInternational standards & recommendationsTaxationCross-border cooperation
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2026-10-14•Czech Republic•Czech National Bank
The Czech National Bank reported that the monthly average monetary base rose to CZK 1,019.3 billion in September 2026. Currency increased to CZK 744 billion and reserves reached CZK 275.3 billion.
Data & statisticsMacroprudential policy and toolsCurrency and cash management
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2026-10-14•Czech Republic•Czech National Bank
The Czech National Bank reported a CZK 17.2 billion current account deficit for August 2026, as income and European Union related outflows outweighed the surplus in goods and services. The financial account recorded CZK 1.4 billion of net inflows, with strong other investment inflows partly offset by direct and portfolio investment outflows.
Data & statisticsCross-border payments
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2026-10-14•China•Central Bank of the Republic of China
The People’s Bank of China reported that outstanding aggregate social financing grew 7.1% to CNY 468.17 trillion at the end of September, while M2 rose 7.2%. First three quarter RMB loans increased by CNY 11.52 trillion, led by lending to nonfinancial enterprises and public institutions, as household loans declined by CNY 1.03 trillion. Aggregate social financing flows totaled CNY 27.46 trillion, down CNY 2.63 trillion from a year earlier.
Data & statisticsFinancial stability and systemic riskMacroprudential policy and tools
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2026-10-14•Cyprus•Central Bank of Cyprus
The Central Bank of Cyprus recorded 34 dishonored checks worth EUR 97,622 on the preliminary list in September 2026, together with nine persons. The Central Information Register recorded 18 persons during the month, taking registrations for January through September to 104.
Data & statisticsPayments and payment systems
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2026-10-14•Greece•Ministry of National Economy and Finance (Greece)
Greece’s Ministry of National Economy and Finance has set out Kyriakos Pierrakakis’s agenda for the IMF and World Bank annual meetings in Bangkok from Oct. 15 to 17. The minister and Eurogroup president will participate in G7 and IMF committee meetings and discussions on global economic risks, financial stability and European competitiveness.
Policy & regulationCooperationFinancial stability and systemic riskGeopolitical risk
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2026-10-14•Ukraine•National Bank of Ukraine
The National Bank of Ukraine’s latest review confirms that UONIA remains an objective indicator but requires further methodological work. UAH/USD benchmarks remain reliable and need no changes, while implementation continues on a noon UAH/EUR reference rate and revised methodologies for other official exchange rates.
Policy & regulationGuidance & interpretationFinancial benchmarksForeign exchange policy and markets